The Theory of Change manual from USAID.

A good program ToC builds upon mid-level theories. This brief outlines ten steps for building and using middle-level theories.

This primer provides a synthesis of guidance specifically aimed at carrying out Theory of Change in processes in a GEF context.

This guide is a ten step handbook to creating a theory of change, built on many years of developing them for charities and funders. It focusses on the basics, the core approach of NPC Consulting in the UK.

In this article, John Mayne walks us through some of the basic concepts and terms within ToC thinking, and addresses the key challenges for successful application of ToCs.

A full comprehensive guide on how to compose a ToC, with a practical example, all written in Dutch

A manual on Theory of Change development in Italian.

This blog post discusses developing a ToC process and how it may seem overwhelming at first. But the most important step is to start by making your thoughts explicit about how your organization creates societal value.

How complicated should the program theory be? While there are no definitive comprehensive answers to this question, Jos Vaessen discusses a number of principles that can inform this issue in this blog post.

This publication explains how Theory of Change can be used and discusses the opportunities and challenges it brings. It presents five illustrative case studies.

Facilitating a ToC process entails various elements. From our experience there are two elements we find essential: the facilitation process and ToC capacities. These two cannot be separated in the process.

This article outlines models for theories of change and their development that have proven quite useful for both straightforward and more complex interventions.

This guide aims to help you through your theory of change process and support you to produce something that strengthens the design and delivery of your projects, and gives you confidence in your approach to evaluation and learning.

This study describes the structure and facilitator's experiences of ToC workshops.

This document presents a simplified process for developing a Theory of Change. It was developed by and for a program in Northern Mozambique.

An instructional video taking you through some methodologies to develop a Theory of Change to guide the activities and evaluation of your social progamme/intervention.

This article discusses six major pitfalls that, if avoided, can help create actionable Theories of Change.

A collection of tools and methods that is useful for multi-stakeholder purposes.

Images and cartoons that can be used when facilitating a ToC process.

This guide provides a practical overview of the process of developing a Theory of Change, focusing on using a stakeholder driven-workshop approach to achieve this. A ToC can support the development of interventions, bringing together key stakeholders

This blog post runs you through a clear step by step guide to developing a Theory of Change. It highlights the benefits of having one for planning purposes and also the need for including stakeholders when developing a Theory of Change.

One of the premier manuals on Theory of Change thinking. Available in English and Arabic.

Short guide for ToC development from project Oracle, which supports youth programmes in London.

This document provides practical suggestions with regard to what is required for a good ToC process, assessment of the type of ToC capacity that can be strengthened and what capacity is required to be a good facilitator.

This guide supports researchers who wish to work with a theory of change approach. Although written for Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA), it is also valuable to other research programmes that require a rigorous evaluation of impact.

This IDS brief discusses graphic facilitation as part of intermediary facilitation processes and presents some useful visualisations to use.

This guide helps social purpose organisations to plan, monitor, evaluate and communicate their work in a way that makes practical sense of the complexity of social change processes and their measurement.

This guide is for planners and evaluators who are going to facilitate a process for creating a theory of change with community based programs and community change initiatives.

This manual, created for the Casey Foundation's Making Connections initiative, defines theory of change using Casey's impact, influence and leverage platform, and shows community advocates how to create their own ToC by showing the relationships.